Prime Minister: Rajiv Gandhi

The Age Of Stars

Partition, planning, aid consortia and nationalised banks.

Vol. CXIThe edition of 1985 · The Planned Republic3 records
Prime Minister
Rajiv Gandhi
President
Giani Zail Singh
Finance Minister
Vishwanath Pratap Singh
RBI Governors
Manmohan Singh · Amitav Ghosh · R. N. Malhotra

Bank Rate

10%

unchanged on 1984

Rupee per dollar

₹12.33

+8.7% on 1984

Inflation

5.56%

−2.76 pts on 1984

GDP growth

5.25%

+1.43 pts on 1984

Reserves

$9,493m

+11.2% on 1984

External debt

$38,935m

+18.8% on 1984

Rajiv Gandhi liberalisation programme (EXIM policy changes, loosened business-creation rules and import controls)

The same source states that "significant reforms throughout the decade but especially starting in 1985"…

The same source states that "significant reforms throughout the decade but especially starting in 1985" loosened restrictions, with average GDP growth rising from 2.9% in the 1970s to 5.6% and industrial growth of 9.2% during 1988–1991; it also records the judgement that these reforms "failed to fix systemic issues with the Licence Raj" and that the Bofors scandal "impeded his liberalisation efforts"

ReportedPress. Source: en.wikipedia.org

The record for 1985 is thin. Figures and events not shown here have not been found in the sources, not been found to be zero.

Shipping & Insurance

1 item

tankers

Persian Gulf (Kharg / northern Gulf)

UnconfirmedPeer-reviewed. Source: [M7] search-engine summary attributed to Strauss Center; not re-seen on the fetched page

The Ledger: what was borrowed in 1985

Full ledger →
CreditorInstrumentAmountUS$ mStatusGrade
Commercial creditors (aggregate)Medium- and long-term commercial debt stock, USD 3 bn (end 1984-85) rising to 13 bn (end 1990-91)13,000verified

Rows are listed as recorded. Some describe the same loan from different sources and must not be added together.

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